松口蘑復合種形態學及生物地理學研究
MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC STUDY ON TRICHOLOMA MATSUTAKE-COMPLEX
曹哲明 姚一建
摘 要：松口蘑復合種含有松口蘑Tricholoma matsutake (也稱松茸)、北歐口蘑T. nauseosum、喜櫟口蘑T. zangii和美洲口蘑T. magnivelare等4個分類單元.在對來自中國、日本、法國、西班牙、瑞典、芬蘭和美國的標本進行形態學研究的基礎上,認為松口蘑、北歐口蘑、喜櫟口蘑形態十分接近,它們的分類地位應該重新考慮.美洲口蘑和它們的差別也不大.對松口蘑復合種的寄主和地理分布也進行了總結,發現松口蘑和美洲口蘑的寄主范圍較廣,寄主?；圆粡?而北歐口蘑和喜櫟口蘑的寄主比較專一.在地理分布上,松口蘑和美洲口蘑形成亞洲-北美地理替代種的分布格局;松口蘑和北歐口蘑形成歐亞間斷分布的分布格局;喜櫟口蘑的地理分布范圍完全包含在松口蘑的分布范圍中.松口蘑復合種種類的分布區和它們各自寄主的分布不一定完全相同.在松口蘑復合種內,北歐口蘑和松口蘑已被認為是同一個種,而其余兩個分類單元的分類地位值得進一步研究.
關鍵詞：松茸群,形態學特征,地理分布,分類學地位,寄主
分類號：Q939.5 文獻標識碼：A
文章編號：1672-6472(2004)01-0043-0055
基金項目：國家自然科學基金委員會"國家杰出青年基金"(30025002)、國家科學技術部國際科技合作重點項目計劃(2001CB711103)、中國科學院"創新工程重要方向項目"(KSCX2-SW-101C)和"引進國外杰出人才"項目
作者簡介：姚一建,通訊作者 Author for correspondence, E-mail:yaoyj@sun.im.ac.cn
作者單位：曹哲明（中國科學院微生物研究所真菌地衣系統學重點研究實驗室,北京,100080）
姚一建（中國科學院微生物研究所真菌地衣系統學重點研究實驗室,北京,100080）
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